Discover Nigeria's Academic Research

Nafisat ISSA, Botany - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influences the germination, growth, survival and reproduction of other organisms. This study was designed to investigate the effect of Eugenia jambolana leaf aqueous extract on the growth of Vigna unguiculata. Aqueous extract of the leaves of Eugenia jambolana were screened for phytochemicals and its effect on the growth of Vigna unguiculata were investigated. The leaf extract was made into a solution to obtain two rates (100mg, 300mg, 500mg, 800mg and 1000mg) which were compared with the control (0g). Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroids, saponins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, carbohydrates and phenols. The aqueous extract significantly (p<0.05) had higher inhibitory effect on the radicle and plumule lenght of Vigna unguiculata from Day 4 and Day 5 after planting when compared to the control and other treatments (100mg, 300mg and 500mg) to that of 800mg and 1000mg.

Mustapha MURTALA, Building Technology - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

The aim of the study is to assess the factors leading to wastage of timber in some selected construction site within Mabushi Abuja.

Olatunji Mutalib ADELE, Accounting Education - Lagos State University, Ojo, 2024

The study investigates the impact of lesson plan in the teaching and learning of accounting education student in senior secondary school in Ojo local government area. The study adopted an experimental design. The sample for the study consists of twenty student from each school(ten in the control group and ten in the experimental group) which makes a total of two hundred secondary school teachers. The instruments used for this research was a questionnaire that consists of twenty-one items. The data collected from the respondents was analyzed using the Statistical Package For Social Sciences(SPSS). The research hypotheses revealed that Lesson plan has a role in the teaching and learning of accounting education student in senior secondary school. Lesson plan influences the academic performance of accounting education student in secondary schoo. Teachers should be trained in the use of lesson plan in accounting education, also assessment tools should be developed to measure the effectiveness of lesson plan in improving student learning outcomes.

Olumide Samuel ADEBAJO, Political Science Education - Lagos State University, Ojo, 2024

The study examines factors that influence students motivation and engagement in government, in Lagos state secondary school district IV. The study adopted an experimental design. The sample for the study consists of twenty student from each school (ten in the control group and ten in the experimental group) which makes a total of two hundred secondary school teachers. The instruments used for this research was a questionnaire that consists of twenty-one items. The data collected from the respondents was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The primary purpose of this research is to investigate and comprehensively understand the factors that influence student motivation and engagement in the study of government in secondary schools within Lagos State. Specifically, to identify and examine the key factors that impact student motivation and engagement in government education, encompassing both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and aslo to evaluate the effectiveness of different pedagogical approaches and teaching methods in promoting student interest and active engagement in the subject of government. To explore the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors on students' motivation and engagement in government education, recognizing the diverse backgrounds within Lagos State and lastly to investigate how assessment and evaluation methods in government education contribute to or hinder student motivation and engagement.

Oluwatoyin Mary OLAWUYI, Botany - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

The study is aimed at isolating and identifying the fungi associated with late blight of potatoes in Jos South Local Government Area of plateau State. The infected leaf samples were collected from three different fields in Jos South Local Government Area and transported to the laboratory, the infected leaves were cut into smaller portions using a sterile blade and inoculated on the Potato Dextrose Agar, it was incubated at room temperature for 5 days after which the different colonies obtained were identified using the slide culture technique. The result obtained indicated the presence of 3 different fungal species with their percentage occurrence: Phytophtora sp. (50%), Aspergillus niger (33.3%) and Aspergillus flavus (16.7%), However Phytophtora sp. was the most predominant specie while Aspergillus flavus was the least common. It was concluded that 3 fungal species were found to be responsible for the deterioration of potato plant in the potato fields in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State. In order to prevent the fungal infection on the leaves and other parts of the plant, this study recommends the development of suitable cultural, chemical and management practices to improve the quality of potato tuber right from the field.

Rofiat ABUBAKAR , Botany - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

In vitro anti-trypanosomal effects of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Ocimum sanctum against Trypanosoma brucei brucei was examined. The leaf of Ocimum sanctum was collected and maceration method was used for extraction. Aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum extract was subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using the method described by (Trease and Evans). Which revealed the presence and absence of active compounds which includes; alkaloids, phenols, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and it further revealed the absence of anthraquinones The in vitro test of anti-trypanosomal activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum was carried out in a 96 well micro-titre plate. Twenty micro-litres (20µl) of blood were exposed to 10µl of the extract solution concentration of 2.5mg/ml, 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml respectively 10µl of the standard drug Diminazine diaceturate, was used as the positive control; while 10µl of phosphate buffered saline glucose was used as the negative control. At five minutes’ incubation, a drop of the incubated blood sample was placed on a glass slide, covered with a cover slip and mounted on a light microscope. The parasite was monitored every 5 minutes of a total of 60 minute, the parasite motility was observed and tracked under microscope at X400 magnification. It was discovered that the leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum exhibited anti-trypanosomal activity in a concentration and time dependent manner on the parasite. When the parasite was exposed to 2.5mg/ml of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum, the parasites were slightly weak in 5 minutes of exposure, under 10 minutes of exposure, motility ceased until 60 minutes. The same procedure applies for 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum, the parasite's motility ceased in 5 minutes till 60 minutes of these concentrations. It can be concluded that the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum exhibited good anti-trypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. The bioactive compounds in the plant extract are attributed to the anti-trypanosomal activity. The p-value is < 0.05, here we reject the null hypothesis and concluded that the Ocimum sanctum leaf extract has significant anti-trypanosomal activity.

Basiratu Chindo SANI, Human Physiology - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Pain is always subjective. Each individual learns the application of the word through life’s experiences related to injury. Biologists recognize that those stimuli which cause pain are liable to cause tissue damage. A diurnal rhythm is a periodic or rhythmic change in the physiological or behavioral characteristics of an organism with a periodicity of approximately 24hours which regulates behavior, organs and cells in living organisms, studies have highlighted the influence of circadian rhythms on pain sensitivity. The study, “Diurnal variation in mechanical pain threshold in female swiss albino mice” was used to examine the effect of diurnal variation on mechanically- induced pain in mice paw. Following the procedure of the Randall-Selitto test, twenty swiss albino mice were grouped into two (light and dark phase) and subjected to mechanical pain induced by an analgesiometer in the morning (light phase) and in the evening (dark phase) for a duration of two days. From the results obtained, it was seen that mechanical pain threshold was higher during the dark phase than in the light phase although it was not statistically significant. It may be concluded that mechanical pain threshold may exhibit diurnal or temporal fluctuation

Okpanachi Abubakar , Electrical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

This research work proposed the use of genetic algorithm methods for the optimal allocation of multiple distributed generation units in a distribution network. The aim of the integration is to minimize the system losses and enhance voltage profile of the distribution network. This combination guarantees convergence accuracy and speed in multiple distributed generation units’ allocation. The active power, size, and location are simultaneously considered during distribution network loss minimization. This proposed technique is applied to 33-bus test distribution systems. The test results show that the proposed genetic algorithm (GA) could lead to optimal or near-optimal solution, while requiring lower computational effort.

Hammed Adeyinka ADEBISI, Mass Communication - Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, 2022

The study focused on the influence of social media on the electorate’s perception of political aspirants: A comparative study of Peter Obi and Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s campaign for Presidency. The objectives of the study were to determine the extent to which social media influenced the electorate's choice of candidate for Presidency and to examine the influence of social media on the electorate’s perception of the presidential candidates. The study appraised several concepts such as social media, political participation, and voting behavior of the electorate. The theoretical studies’ review for the study was based on Marshall McLuhan’s Technological Determinism Theory, Agenda Setting Theory, and Social Judgment Theory. The population of the study was the electorate in Abeokuta who use social media, especially residents of Oluwo community in Abeokuta. Primary and secondary sources of data gathering were employed. The survey method, which allowed for data gathering from two hundred (200) respondents, was adopted, while one hundred and ninety-two (192) copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and processed. Data were tested using simple percentages and Chi-Square at 0.05 level of significance. Findings from the study showed that there is a significant relationship between social media and electorate's voting behavior. Social media influences the electorate’s perception of the current presidential candidates. It was concluded that social media serve as credible tools and are capable of influencing the image of political candidates in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that political candidates should carefully plan and execute communication strategies using various social media tools, so as to fully enjoy the inherent benefits of the social media tools (i.e. credibility and awareness).

Asmau Yakubu MOHAMMED , Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

While youths and university students generally have lower rates of morbidity and mortality, they frequently have noticeable health issues that are often hidden and/or underdiagnosed. Some of these health problems are related to behaviours that are common within this age group/demographic. Still, reports show that their utilization of health services is low. Poor health seeking behaviour is common among them, which could be detrimental to their overall health and well-being.

Blessing Emmanuel AMATEMESO, Community Medicine - University of Calabar, 2023

Although women are the direct users of emergency contraceptive, it is well documented that men’s general knowledge and attitude towards contraception greatly influences their preferences and options. Men are also responsible for the large proportion of consequences of unsafe abortion suffered by their female partners. Male dominant cultures usually promote virility and as such the male partners usually make the final decisions. Hence, if pregnancy is not desired, contraception should be a joint effort by both parties. Male involvement helps not only in accepting a contraception but also in its effective use (Nazish as cited in Obarisiagbon et al, 2017) In a study conducted in Botswana, men rarely participate in contraception and other health reproductive activities due to traditions, gender, inequality, upbringing, legal restraints, customary Laws, bias, nurses’ attitude towards men who bring their partners towards to hospital for counselling (Wanannai, 2013).

Musa Zainab MUSTAPHA, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of individual is assessed to have an information on how health status affects the quality of life. The Almajiri children continue to face several challenges that pose a threat to their health and well-being. Consequentially, this is seen to affect their quality of life. The aim of this study is to assess the health-related quality of life of Almajirai in selected Qur’anic Schools in Sabon Gari Local Government Area (LGA), Kaduna State.

Suleiman Muktar SALKA, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Self-medication among medical students is on the increase. Though the WHO recommends the practice of self-medication, inappropriate use can lead to several consequences. Various factors influence the pattern of self-medication, the choice of drugs, reasons, duration of treatment, likelihood to see a doctor after not getting relief and the type of ailment it is being used for.

Abdulmuiz Idowu ABDULKADRI, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Prostatic Cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among Nigerian men and the second most common cause of cancer related death in men worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and perception of PCa among middle-aged men in Biye Community, and to also assess the prevalence of the disease in the community.

TUMBA Nuhu, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2007

This study showed a high injury rate among health care workers as shown by other studies. Even though the level of safety awareness is fair, the practice of universal precaution is poor. Hence, concerted effort is needed to encourage health care workers to adhere to the principles of universal precautions, for the sake of their health and that of their patients.

Bakare Sumayyah Ifedolapo, Primary Education Studies - University of Ilorin, 2025

The study examined teachers’ perception of the influence of school funding program on primary school enrollment in Moro Local Government Area, Kwara State. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study, where one research question and three hypotheses were raised to guide the study. The population of the study was based on 100 teachers selected across the LGA. A researcher self-constructed questionnaire titled Perceived Influence of School Funding on School Enrolment Questionnaire (PISFSEQ) was adopted and used to get information from the respondents. The instrument was validated by the experts from the Department of Adult and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ilorin, and the reliability test was carried out with the use of Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Estimate, which yielded an index value of 0.80. Frequency distribution and percentages, mean and standard deviation were used for the demographic data and to answer the research question raised, while t-test and ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses formulated. The findings revealed Teachers have a positive perception of the influence of school funding program on primary school enrollment. Also, there was is no significant difference in the perception of teachers of the influence of school funding program on primary school enrollment based on gender, school location, and years of service. It was recommended that government should allocate funding fairly across schools in both urban and rural areas to maintain teachers’ positive perceptions and ensure consistent enrollment growth, and allocate funding in a way that addresses the unique challenges of rural and urban schools. Also, school management should encourage both male and female teachers to participate in school funding committees, and encourage teachers across all experience levels to contribute to planning and evaluating school funding programs to promote shared ownership and perception.

Hameedat Ahmad, MicroBiology - Kaduna State University, Kaduna, 2025

The consumption of tomatoes fruits is increasing on daily basis due to it appealing taste and nutritive value. However, tomatoes can serve as a vehicle for transmission of pathogens when contaminated. This study is therefore carried out to investigates the fungi species that causes tomato fruits rot. A total 10 spoilt tomatoes showing varying degree of rot will be obtained from Kawo Market in Kaduna metropolis. Each of the spoilt tomato sample was pulverized using a sterile electric blender. A stock solution of the sample was prepared by dissolving 1g of the pulverized sample into 9ml of distilled water. The stock solution of the samples was serially diluted into sixth quadrants before been inoculated on to Potato Dextrose agar using pour plates method. Each plate was incubated at 27 oC for 72 hours for fungi growth. The isolates obtained were examined using cultural and microscopy characteristics. The fungi isolated were, Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. The fungi colony counts ranges from 8.00 x 104 - 2.70 x 105 Cfu/g. These fungi can cause diseases that vary in severity from mild gastroenteritis to chronic or opportunistic infections. As a result, efforts should be made to discourage purchasing spoilt tomatoes from local markets.

Lawrence Ijimdiya Sylvanus, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2011

The patient-doctor relationship is central to the practice of medicine and the delivery of high quality medical. Without it doctors be effective and patients cannot be helped. This study was designed to assess patient-doctor relationship in medical care at Ahmadu Bello university teaching hospital (ABUTH), Shika, Zaria. This was descriptive cross sectional study involving 150 patients sampled from the clinical departments of medicine, surgery, ophthalmology, orthopaedics, obstaetrics and gynaecology. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire which sought information on their sociodemograhic characteristics, nature of patient-doctor relationship, compliance and satisfaction and litigation in medical care as well as possible ways of improving the patient-doctor relationship. There were 200 respondents. Most of the respondents were males (61.3%). The modal age group was (35.3%) with a mean age of 37 years. Most of the respondents were Hausa (28.7%) by tribe and Christians by religion (64%). Most were married (52.7%), majority were students (38.7%) and 63.3% had tertiary education. Most (96.7%) of the patients had a good patient-doctor relationship. Compliance and satisfaction rates in medical care were both 91.3%. Only 6% of patients have ever sued for medical malpractice. A positive relationship was found between patient-doctor relationship and satisfaction in medical care. No relationship was observed between patient-doctor relationship and compliance or litigation in medical care.

Kadala Mivanyi, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2011

Sickle cell anaemia is a chronic genetic disorder which remains the most important hereditary disease in tropical Africa and it is particularly important in Nigeria because Nigeria is known to have the largest number of sickle cell disease patients of any country in the world. This study intends to assess the quality of care provided to sickle cell anaemia patients by the Ahmadu Bello University teaching hospital Haematology clinic. A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out using simple random sampling technique to select the 60 respondents that participated in the study. Questionnaires were administered on their clinic days and the data collected was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences software, version17. A total of 60 patients responded to the questionnaires giving a response rate of 100%. The areas assessed majorly in the questionnaires include counseling in the various aspects of the disease and therapy especially in the management of complications. Most respondents strongly agree that they have been counseled adequately about the nature of the disease and its mode of inheritance (68.3 and 58.3% respectively) while 61.7% of patients believe strongly that they have been adequately counseled on the avoidance of crises and self care. Only 10% of patients strongly believe that they do not receive adequate emotional/psychological support at the clinic. The majority of respondents 55% believe strongly that the emotional support is adequate. Pregnancy and related care was rated poorly by respondents with only 13% of those who responded strongly agreeing with the fact that care is adequate. Most of them (25.5%) were undecided. It was also observed that 33.3% and 31.8% respectively which form the majority of respondents strongly disagree that eye and orthopaedic care is adequate in the clinic. 43.3% of patients which form the majority strongly agree that social services are adequate to meet their needs outside the hospital setting especially as it relates to disability and socio-economic consequences. The advanced modalities of cure such as stem cell transplant and gene therapy are not available in this centre as is evident from 58.1% of patients strongly disagreeing that such modalities have been adequately presented to them in the clinic. ABUTH haematology clinic offers a reasonably high quality of care especially in the basic areas of counseling (about the disease, its mode of inheritance, self care and avoidance of crises), drug management of the condition and giving emotional and psychological support to patients. Areas which were poor include the management of pregnancy as well as ophthalmic and orthopaedic complications and the availability of services that offer cure for the disease such as gene therapy and stem cell transplant.

Jacob Dusu Sambo, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2011

Scabies is a highly contagious, intensely pruritic disorder, caused by the human itch mite, sarcoptes scabeii var huminis acquired by direct contact with an infected person or indirectly through contaminated clothing, bed liners, and handholding materials. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence and distribution of scabies and to propose an effective health education and advocacy programme to address the problems of scabies among school age children in a Koranic school at Samaru, Zaria. Using a cross sectional study design, data was collected from a sample of 134 children age 5-14years drawn from a population of pupils attending Mallam Barau Koranic school at Samaru, Zaria. Data was collected on factors which may be associated with scabies using structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17 and Microsoft Excel and presented in charts and tables, and measures of central tendency and of dispersion were used to summarize it. The prevalence of scabies was found to be 19% with more males (20.5%) affected than females (11.7%). Age group 5-9years have a relatively high prevalence of 22.2% compared to the age group 10-14years with 17.9%. The commonest body part affected by scabies rash was the inter-digital webs of hands and feet (40.4%) and the least affected was the head and neck region (6.4%). The high prevalence of scabies recorded in this study may be due to low socio-economical status, poor living conditions, and poor personal hygiene among others. This shows that scabies is still a common health problem among children in Koranic schools that needs due attention from policy makers and other stakeholders.